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Hugh Edward Myers (January 23, 1930 – December 22, 2008) was an American chess master and author. He won or tied for first in the state chess championships of Illinois (1951), Wisconsin (1955), Missouri (1962), and Iowa (1983), as well as the USCF Region VIII (Iowa, Illinois, Missouri, and Nebraska) championship (1983). He played first board for the Dominican Republic in the 1968 and 1976 Chess Olympiads. Myers is best known for his writings on unusual chess openings such as the Nimzovich Defense (1.e4 Nc6). The eccentric opening 1.c4 g5!? is known as Myers' Defense because of his advocacy of it in his writings and games. Myers wrote numerous editions of his book on the Nimzovich Defense, as well as three other books on the openings. He edited and published the ''Myers Openings Bulletin'' in 1979–88 and the ''New Myers Openings Bulletin'' in 1992–96. Myers also involved himself in the controversy over FIDE President Florencio Campomanes' termination of the 1984–85 World Championship match between Karpov and Kasparov, and was instrumental in helping Campomanes secure reelection in 1986. ==Chess career== Myers was born in Decatur, Illinois on January 23, 1930. At age 10, he learned to play chess from ''Lasker's Manual of Chess'', a famous treatise by former World Champion Emanuel Lasker.〔Hugh Myers, ''A Chess Explorer'', Myers Openings Bulletin, 2002, pp. 5-6.〕〔Allan Savage, "Hugh Myers: 1930-2008", ''Chess Life'', March 2009, p. 9.〕 The book had a lasting influence on him, including Lasker's "encouragement regarding the openings, 'the ground trodden above is yet rather new, and you may explore it as well as anyone else.' "〔Myers 2002, p. 6. The language quoted by Myers concludes Lasker's analysis of 1.c4 c5 2.Nc3 Nc6 3.Nf3 Nf6 4.d4 d5!? Emanuel Lasker, ''Lasker's Manual of Chess'', Dover, 1960, pp. 100-01. The book was first published in English in 1927. David Hooper and Kenneth Whyld, ''The Oxford Companion to Chess'' (2d ed. 1992), Oxford University Press, p. 219. ISBN 0-19-866164-9.〕 After his father brought home the December 1943 issue of ''Chess Review'', Myers began visiting the Decatur Chess Club weekly.〔Myers 2002, p. 6.〕 In 1946, he played in his first chess tournament, finishing second in the Decatur high school championship.〔Myers 2002, p. 8.〕 Myers majored in history and political science at Millikin University, graduating in 1951.〔Myers 2002, pp. 2, 8-9.〕〔Chess Note 5909, (Myers autobiographical sketch ). Retrieved on 2009-01-06.〕 While in college, he became obsessed with chess.〔Myers 2002, pp. 8-9.〕 In 1950–52, he won the Decatur city championship thrice consecutively by lopsided scores, scoring 14.5 out of 16 possible points, 15 out of 16, and a perfect 14 out of 14, respectively.〔Myers 2002, p. 10.〕〔''Chess Review'', April 1950, p. 100. Also available on DVD (page 114 of "Chess Review 1950" PDF file).〕〔''Chess Review'', June 1951, p. 165. Also available on DVD (page 189 of "Chess Review 1951" PDF file).〕〔''Chess Review'', April 1952, p. 101. Also available on DVD (page 115 of "Chess Review 1952" PDF file).〕 In 1951, Myers tied for first in the Illinois championship with Kimball Nedved and John Tums, each scoring 6 out of 7 possible points in the Swiss system tournament, but Nedved won on Sonneborn-Berger tiebreaking points.〔''Chess Review'', November 1951, p. 324. Also available on DVD (page 368 of "Chess Review 1951" PDF file).〕〔Myers 2002, p. 12.〕 Myers then challenged Nedved to a match, which Myers won in 1952 with 3.5 out of 4.〔〔''Chess Review'', September 1952, p. 260. Also available on DVD (page 294 of "Chess Review 1952" PDF file).〕 Myers won the 1955 Wisconsin state championship with 6.5 out of 7, drawing in the last round with Arpad Elo.〔''Chess Review'', July 1955, p. 196. Also available on DVD (page 222 of "Chess Review 1955" PDF file).〕〔Myers 2002, p. 25.〕 In 1962, Myers won the Missouri Open championship on tiebreak over J. Theodorovich of Toronto, each scoring 5 out of 6.〔''Chess Review'', August 1962, p. 228. Also available on DVD (page 256 of "Chess Review 1962" PDF file).〕 From 1965 to 1968, Myers was the top-rated player in the Dominican Republic.〔 He played first board for its national chess team at the Chess Olympiads at Lugano 1968 (scoring 4 wins, 5 draws, and 6 losses) and Haifa 1976 (scoring 3 wins, 3 draws, and 5 losses).〔Myers 2002, pp. 102-05, 140-41.〕〔Árpád Földeák, ''Chess Olympiads 1927-1968'', Dover, 1979, p. 397. ISBN 0-486-23733-8.〕〔R.D. Keene and D.N.L. Levy, ''Haifa Chess Olympiad 1976'', The Chess Player, 1977, p. 71. ISBN 0-906042-02-X.〕 In 1983, Myers tied for first with Mitch Weiss in the Iowa State Championship, a round robin, each scoring 3.5 out of 4.〔Myers 2002, p. 170.〕〔(Individual Iowa State Chess Champions ). Retrieved on 2008-12-27.〕 Later that year, Myers and Weiss also tied for first in the USCF Region VIII (Iowa, Illinois, Missouri, and Nebraska) championship, each scoring 4.5 points in the 5-round Swiss.〔Myers 2002, pp. 174-75.〕 In 1994, Myers played third board for "Fear Itself", the team that won the U.S. Amateur Team Championship.〔''Chess Life'', June 1994, pp. 36-37.〕〔Myers 2002, pp. 209-10.〕 Myers died in Davenport, Iowa on December 22, 2008.〔(''Quad-City Times'' obituary ). Retrieved on 2008-12-30.〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Hugh Myers」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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